Japanese Cats sweet and sad voices.

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Music Sita by Fire and Steel,,

日本ではネコの鳴き声は「ニャー」、「ミャー」などの擬音語を用いるのが一般的。アメリカでは「meow」、イギリスでは「miaow」、ドイツでは「miau」、フランスでは「miaou」、中国では「miāo（喵、wikt:en:喵）」と表す。

「ニャー」とは異なるものとしては、以下のようなものがある。

警戒時の唸り声。「フーッ」「ハーッ」「シャーッ」など。
発情期における、赤ちゃんのような独特の声。「オアーン」「オギャー」「アーウ」など。
鳥が目の前に来たとき、CDや鏡等の反射光に反応したとき、思うように獲物を捕れないなどストレスを感じたときに発する、「クラッキング」と呼ばれる声。まだ十分に解明されていない。「クケケケケ」「カカカカカ」など
カモメの鳴き声はしばしばネコのそれに喩えられ、英語では「mew」というネコの鳴き声を表す単語は「カモメ」という意味も持つ。日本語でもカモメの一種にウミネコ（海猫）と名付けられた鳥がいる。Cats communicate a variety of messages using body language. Examples include arching their backs as a signal of fear or aggression, and slowly blinking to signal relaxation. A cat that chooses to lie with its stomach and chest exposed conveys trust, and comfort (this is also typical of overweight cats, as it is more comfortable for them); however, a cat may also roll on its side or back to be able to defend itself with all four sets of claws. Usually other signs (like ears and whiskers folded backwards) give an indication of the cat’s overall humour. Flattened ears mean that the cat feels threatened, and may attack. Mouth open and no teeth exposed suggests a feeling of playfulness.[9]

The tail is often used as a signaling mechanism. A tail held high suggests confidence, or can be used as a greeting towards human beings or other cats (usually close relatives), while a half-raised tail shows less pleasure, and unhappiness is indicated with a tail held low. In addition, a cat’s tail may “wag” or move rapidly to express a state of conflict. A cat with tail held high and twitching shows excitement, but this is often mistaken for anger. Cats will twitch the tips of their tails when hunting or when irritated, while larger twitching indicates displeasure. They may also twitch their tails when playing.[10] A scared or surprised cat may puff up its tail, and the hair along its back may stand straight up and the cat will turn its body sideways to a threat, in order to increase its apparent size. Tailless cats, such as the Manx, which possess only a small stub of a tail, move the stub around as though they possess a full tail.

Touching noses is a friendly greeting for cats, while a lowered head is a sign of submission. Some cats will rub their faces along their guardian’s cheek, hands, or ankles as a friendly greeting or sign of affection. This action is also sometimes a way of “marking their territory”, leaving a scent from the scent glands located in the cat’s cheeks. More commonly, a cat will do a “head bonk” (or “bunt”), i.e., bump someone with the front part of its head to express affection.[11]

A Tortoiseshell Cat yawningCats also lick each other and people (e.g. their owners). Cats lick each other to groom one other and to bond (this grooming is usually done between cats who know each other very well). They will also sometimes lick people for similar reasons. These reasons include wanting to “groom” people and to show them care and affection.

Cats may paw their human companions, or a soft object on which they may be sitting, with a kneading motion. Cats often use this action alongside purring to show contentment and affection for their companions. This can also indicate curiosity. A cat may also do this when in pain or dying, as a method of comforting itself. It is instinctive to cats, and they use it when they are young to stimulate the mother cat’s breast to release milk during nursing. As a result, cats hand-raised by human beings may not exhibit this behaviour. Pawing is also a way for cats to mark their territory. The scent glands on the underside of their paws release small amounts of scent onto the person or object being pawed, marking it as “theirs” the same way they would urinate to mark their territory. Since the nature of the activity is an instinctive response related to the mother’s care for the kitten, it may be an expression of need, indicating an empty water bowl, hunger, an unappealing litter box, or the need for some attention from the caregiver